Science offers a way of discovering and understanding the world around us, driven by questions and tested with evidence. And it’s a twisty-turny team effort— you won’t find many lone geniuses out there, or straight lines from hypothesis to conclusion. In this episode of Crash Course Biology, we’ll talk about the big picture of how scientific progress is made, from peer review to mathematical models, with some exploding eggs along the way.

Chapters:
Introduction to Science 00:00
The Scientific Method 2:25
Science is a Team Effort 5:18
The Scientific Theory 7:59
Peer Review 9:50
Scientific Models 11:01
Review & Credits 12:57

Sources: https://docs.google.com/docume....nt/d/1GLDtAXE6ekg4Ch

This series was produced in collaboration with HHMI BioInteractive, committed to empowering educators and inspiring students with engaging, accessible, and quality classroom resources. Visit https://BioInteractive.org/CrashCourse for more information.

***
Crash Course is on Patreon! You can support us directly by signing up at http://www.patreon.com/crashcourse

Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever:
Katie, Tori Thomas, DL Singfield, Ken Davidian, Stephen Akuffo, Toni Miles, Steve Segreto, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Laurel Stevens, Burt Humburg, Allyson Martin, Aziz Y, Perry Joyce, Scott Harrison, Mark & Susan Billian, Alan Bridgeman, Rachel Creager, Breanna Bosso, Matt Curls, Jennifer Killen, Jon Allen, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, team dorsey, Trevin Beattie, Eric Koslow, Jennifer Dineen, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Jason Rostoker, Siobhán, Ken Penttinen, Nathan Taylor, Les Aker, William McGraw, ClareG, Rizwan Kassim, Constance Urist, Alex Hackman, Pineapples of Solidarity, Katie Dean, Stephen McCandless, Wai Jack Sin, Ian Dundore, Justin, Mark, Caleb Weeks.
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Biology of Subnautica Full Movie. This is the full version of my 4-episode miniseries on Subnautica and Below Zero. A nature-documentary exploration of Planet 4546B.
---
Curious Archive Social Media:
Twitter: https://twitter.com/Curious_Archive
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The vast oceans of the video game Subnautica and its sequel Below Zero teem with incredible life — some friendly, and some deadly. While the series is focused on survival, the lifeforms of Subnautica are amazing even when they’re trying to eat you: possessing fascinating biology, bizarre behavioral patterns, and hidden mysteries.

I’ve explored the various creatures of the series before on my channel, and in this special compilation episode — you can get the full, documentary-style experience in one video. From the sunlit shallows to the deepest abyss, we’ll explore the biology behind these puzzling aliens, and discover the role they play in their larger ecosystems.

So, let’s take the plunge together, and see what awaits us under the surface…

0:00 Introduction to Biology of Subnautica
1:00 1.1 Safe Shallows
4:38 1.2 Kelp Forest
8:07 1.3 Grassy Plateaus
11:05 1.4 Dunes
14:01 1.5 Mushroom Forest and Bulbzone
17:10 1.6 Jellyshroom Caves
18:53 1.7 Mountain Island
20:54 1.8 Grand reef
23:00 1.9 Lost River
25:54 1.10 Engineered Fauna
27:37 1.11 Lava Zone
30:45 1.12 Sea Emperor Facility
32:29 2.1 Sector Zero
35:33 2.2 Sparse Arctic
38:05 2.3 Arctic Kelp Forest
40:05 2.4 Arctic Storm
41:39 2.5 Lilypad Islands
45:08 2.6 Frozen Interior
48:51 2.7 Mysterious Signal
49:56 2.8 Deep Twisty Bridges
52:47 2.9 The Last Architect
54:57 2.10 West Arctic
56:59 2.11 Curious Hatchling
58:01 2.12 Thermal Spires
1:01:03 2.13 Deep Thermal Zone
1:03:48 2.14 Frozen Leviathan
1:05:19 2.15 Crystal Caves
1:08:53 2.17 Al-An Reborn
1:10:24 2.18 Saying Goodbye

Copyright Disclaimer: Under section 107 of the Copyright Act 1976, allowance is made for “fair use” for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, education, and research. All video/image content is edited under fair use rights for reasons of commentary.

I do not own the images, music, or footage used in this video. All rights and credit goes to the original owners.

♫ Music by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com):
Beauty Flow, Firesong, Impact Lento, Majestic Hills, Thunderbird, Bittersweet, Floating Cities
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0

#CuriousArchive #Subnautica #SpeculativeBiology

Be one of the first 200 people to sign up with this link and get 20% off your subscription with Brilliant.org! https://brilliant.org/realscience/

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Credits:
Narrator/Writer: Stephanie Sammann
Writer: Ashleen Knutsen
Editor: Dylan Hennessy (https://www.behance.net/dylanhennessy1)
Editor: Leany Muñoz
Illustrator: Jacek Ambrożewski
Illustrator/Animator: Kirtan Patel (https://kpatart.com/illustrations)
Animator: Mike Ridolfi (https://www.moboxgraphics.com/)
Sound: Graham Haerther (https://haerther.net)
Thumbnail: Simon Buckmaster (https://twitter.com/forgottentowel)
Producer: Brian McManus (https://www.youtube.com/c/realengineering)

Imagery courtesy of Getty Images

[1] https://www.koko.org
[2] https://gorillafund.org/uncate....gorized/gorilla-anat
[3] https://www.strengthlog.com/de....adlift-strength-stan
[4] https://archive.org/details/in.....ernet.dli.2015.1156
[5] https://anatomypubs.onlinelibr....ary.wiley.com/doi/10
[6] https://journals.physiology.or....g/doi/full/10.1152/j
[7] https://gorillafund.org/uncate....gorized/gorilla-anat
[8] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2843616/
[9] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p....mc/articles/PMC29646
[10] https://open.lib.umn.edu/vetph....ysioapplied/chapter/
[11] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23754526/
[12] https://journals.plos.org/plos....biology/article?id=1
[13] https://www.eva.mpg.de/fileadm....in/content_files/pri
[14] https://gorillafund.org/uncate....gorized/gorilla-comm
[15] http://www.gorillagestures.info/index.htm
[16] https://www.koko.org/about/programs/project-koko/interspecies-communication/sign-language/
[17] https://www.tandfonline.com/do....i/pdf/10.1080/004379
[18] https://www.nationalgeographic.....co.uk/animals/2018/

Hank talks about the molecules that make up every living thing - carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins - and how we find them in our environment and in the food that we eat.

Crash Course is on Patreon! You can support us directly by signing up at http://www.patreon.com/crashcourse

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Professor of marine biology Dr. Kory Evans answers your questions about fish from Twitter. Why are orcas attacking boats? What is the fastest creature in the sea? How do octopi change colors to match their environment? Are jellyfish immortal? Answers to these questions and many more await—it's Marine Biology Support.

Director: Lisandro Perez-Rey
Director of Photography: Constantine Economides
Editor: Richard Trammell
Expert: Dr. Kory Evans
Line Producer: Joseph Buscemi
Associate Producer: Brandon White; Paul Gulyas
Production Manager: Peter Brunette
Production & Equipment Manager: Kevin Balash
Casting Producer: Nick Sawyer
Camera Operator: Mar
Sound Mixer: Rebecca O’Neill
Production Assistant: Caleb Clark
Post Production Supervisor: Christian Olguin
Post Production Coordinator: Ian Bryant
Supervising Editor: Doug Larsen
Additional Editor: Paul Tael
Assistant Editor: Billy Ward

00:00 Marine Biology Support
00:10 Is Finding Nemo accurate?
01:00 How do white and brown sand differ?
01:35 How do schools of fish swim in harmony?
02:31 Why are orcas attacking boats?
03:12 What is the fastest sea creature?
03:31 Where do shells come from?
04:26 How do starfish know they're hungry?
05:15 How do mantis shrimp see more colors than humans?
05:56 How did angler fish evolve to emit light?
06:28 What is the smartest animal in the sea?
06:49 How do octopi change their colors?
07:14 How do you tell a fish's age?
07:42 How are fish classified?
08:20 Do all fish have similar fins?
09:08 Does coral count as an animal?
09:56 How do goblin sharks eat?
10:28 Are vampire squids real?
11:02 When did whales learn to walk on land?
11:25 Are seahorses real?
12:00 What is the best defense mechanism in the sea?
12:47 What do fish breathe in: water or air?
13:25 How do sea creatures know where to migrate?
13:58 What is diel vertical migration?
14:33 What lives in the Mariana Trench?
15:12 How do bioluminescent waves work?
15:36 Are jellyfish immortal?
16:36 Where did hermit crabs come from?
17:09 Do fish sleep?

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WIRED is where tomorrow is realized. Through thought-provoking stories and videos, WIRED explores the future of business, innovation, and culture.

Hank introduces us to that wondrous molecule deoxyribonucleic acid - also known as DNA - and explains how it replicates itself in our cells.

References:
http://www.nature.com/nature/dna50/watsoncrick.pdf
http://publications.nigms.nih.....gov/thenewgenetics/c
http://rst.gsfc.nasa.gov/Sect20/A12.html
http://www.nature.com/scitable..../topicpage/discovery
http://www.uic.edu/classes/phy....s/phys461/phys450/AN
http://www.buzzle.com/articles..../dna-replication-ste
http://www.dnareplication.info..../stepsofdnareplicati
http://salamandercandy.wordpre....ss.com/2007/02/05/ho
http://www.sdsc.edu/ScienceWomen/franklin.html
http://www.fmi.ch/members/mari....lyn.vaccaro/ewww/dna
http://www.strangescience.net/rfranklin.htm

1:41 link to Biological Molecules http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H8WJ2KENlK0

Table of Contents:
1) Nucleic Acids 1:30
2) DNA
-A) Polymers 1:53
-B) Three Ingredients 2:12
-C) Base Pairs 3:45
-D) Base Sequences 4:13
3) Pop Quiz 5:07
4) RNA 5:36
-A) Three Differences from DNA 5:43
5) Biolography 6:16
6) Replication 8:49
-A) Helicase and Unzipping 9:22
-B) Leading Strand 9:38
-C) DNA Polymerase 10:08
-D) RNA Primase 10:24
-E) Lagging Strand 10:46
-F) Okazaki Fragments 11:07
-F) DNA Ligase 11:47

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Biologist Thor Hanson is back again to answer even more of the internet's burning questions about biology. What happens if a whale eats you? Why do ticks and fleas and mosquitoes exist? What is the most recent species to go extinct? Thor answers all these questions and much more!

Read THOR HANSON’s book Hurricane Lizards and Plastic Squid:
https://www.basicbooks.com/tit....les/thor-hanson/hurr

Still haven’t subscribed to WIRED on YouTube? ►► http://wrd.cm/15fP7B7
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Also, check out the free WIRED channel on Roku, Apple TV, Amazon Fire TV, and Android TV.

ABOUT WIRED
WIRED is where tomorrow is realized. Through thought-provoking stories and videos, WIRED explores the future of business, innovation, and culture.

A biologist’s natural habitat is anywhere questions about life are being asked—whether the subject is a nematode or a narwhal, a single cell, or a whole ecosystem. In this episode of Crash Course Biology, we’re flipping the microscope around to show how biologists’ work goes down. Along the way, we’ll learn why zebrafish and fruit flies are some of biology’s next top models.

Chapters:
Studying Life 00:00
Your Local Biologist 1:20
Biologists At Work 3:05
Real Life Biologists 5:17
Model Organisms 8:49
Review & Credits 11:10

This series was produced in collaboration with HHMI BioInteractive, committed to empowering educators and inspiring students with engaging, accessible, and quality classroom resources. Visit https://BioInteractive.org/CrashCourse for more information.

Sources: https://docs.google.com/docume....nt/d/1GLDtAXE6ekg4Ch

***
Watch our videos and review your learning with the Crash Course App!
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Crash Course is on Patreon! You can support us directly by signing up at http://www.patreon.com/crashcourse

Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever:
Katie, Tori Thomas, DL Singfield, Ken Davidian, Stephen Akuffo, Toni Miles, Steve Segreto, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Laurel Stevens, Burt Humburg, Allyson Martin, Aziz Y, Perry Joyce, Scott Harrison, Mark & Susan Billian, Alan Bridgeman, Rachel Creager, Breanna Bosso, Matt Curls, Jennifer Killen, Jon Allen, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, team dorsey, Trevin Beattie, Eric Koslow, Jennifer Dineen, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Jason Rostoker, Siobhán, Ken Penttinen, Nathan Taylor, Les Aker, William McGraw, ClareG, Rizwan Kassim, Constance Urist, Alex Hackman, Pineapples of Solidarity, Katie Dean, Stephen McCandless, Wai Jack Sin, Ian Dundore, Justin, Mark, Caleb Weeks.
__

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Hank explains the extremely complex series of reactions whereby plants feed themselves on sunlight, carbon dioxide and water, and also create some by products we're pretty fond of as well.

This video uses sounds from Freesound.org.

Citations:
http://biology.about.com/od/pl....antbiology/a/aa05060
http://www.rsc.org/Education/T....eachers/Resources/cf
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK21598/
http://www.life.illinois.edu/g....ovindjee/paper/gov.h
http://scienceaid.co.uk/biolog....y/biochemistry/photo
http://www.biology-innovation.....co.uk/pages/plant-bi
http://chemistry.about.com/od/....lecturenotesl3/a/pho
http://www.bio.umass.edu/biolo....gy/conn.river/calvin
http://www.talkorigins.org/faq....s/thermo/probability

Table of Contents:
1) Water 1:16
2) Carbon Dioxide 1:32
3) Sunlight/Photons 1:43
4) Chloroplasts 1:57
5) Light Reaction/Light-Dependent 2:42
a. Photosystem II 3:33
b. Cytochrome Complex 5:54
c. ATP Synthase 6:16
d. Photosystem I 7:06
6) Dark Reactions/Light-Independent 7:55
a. Phase 1 - Carbon Fixation 8:50
b. Phase 2 - Reduction 11:31
c. Phase 3 - Regeneration 12:02

Crash Course is on Patreon! You can support us directly by signing up at http://www.patreon.com/crashcourse

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How does a cell decide whether to become a mom-cell or a dad-cell? Scientists once thought it was completely random. But experiments with mice showed that an entire organ, an eye, for example, can be mostly mom-cells or mostly dad-cells. It’s not random! It’s a mystery how the cell decides.

Scientists know the X chromosome much better. It’s part of the system that determines whether we become male or female. If an egg inherits an X chromosome from both parents, it becomes female. If it gets an X from its mother and a Y from its father, it becomes male.

But the X chromosome remains mysterious.

For one thing, females shut down an X chromosome in every cell, leaving only one active. That’s a drastic step to take, given that the X chromosome has more than 1,000 genes.

In some cells, the father’s goes dormant, and in others, the mother’s does. While scientists have known about this so-called X-chromosome inactivation for more than five decades, they still know little about the rules it follows, or even how it evolved.

In the journal Neuron, a team of scientists has unveiled an unprecedented view of X-chromosome inactivation in the body. They found a remarkable complexity to the pattern in which the chromosomes were switched on and off.

At the same time, each copy of the X chromosome contains versions of genes not found on its partner. So having two X chromosomes gives females more genetic diversity than males, with their single X chromosome. Because of that, females have a genetic complexity that scientists are only starting to understand.

Video Editor: Team 121 Creators (https://bit.ly/team121x)
Narration: Sidhart Viyapu (https://bit.ly/sidvoice)
Project Head: Rajkumar Shukla
Production: World Of Science Media (https://theworldofscience.co)

©2022, World Of Science (WOS) Media. All Rights Reserved.

-~-~~-~~~-~~-~-
Please watch: "The $1 Trillion Project Of Turning Sahara Green Again! What Could Go Wrong?" - https://youtu.be/mA77Pmwx9r0
-~-~~-~~~-~~-~-

#khansirpatna #biology

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Best Coaching Institute in Patna For UPSC, UPPCS, BEO, UPSSSC, SSC, Bank, Rly, Airforce, NDA, CDS, CPF and Other competitive Examination.

Teacher - Khan Sir
Address - Kishan Cold Storage, Sai Mandir, Musallah pur, Patna 800006
Call - 8757354880, 8877918018

How does your body regulate your internal conditions? How does it detect changes and respond to them? What is an automatic control system and how does it use negative feedback?
Find out all this and more in less than 5 minutes!