Biologist Thor Hanson is back again to answer even more of the internet's burning questions about biology. What happens if a whale eats you? Why do ticks and fleas and mosquitoes exist? What is the most recent species to go extinct? Thor answers all these questions and much more!

Read THOR HANSON’s book Hurricane Lizards and Plastic Squid:
https://www.basicbooks.com/tit....les/thor-hanson/hurr

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A biologist’s natural habitat is anywhere questions about life are being asked—whether the subject is a nematode or a narwhal, a single cell, or a whole ecosystem. In this episode of Crash Course Biology, we’re flipping the microscope around to show how biologists’ work goes down. Along the way, we’ll learn why zebrafish and fruit flies are some of biology’s next top models.

Chapters:
Studying Life 00:00
Your Local Biologist 1:20
Biologists At Work 3:05
Real Life Biologists 5:17
Model Organisms 8:49
Review & Credits 11:10

This series was produced in collaboration with HHMI BioInteractive, committed to empowering educators and inspiring students with engaging, accessible, and quality classroom resources. Visit https://BioInteractive.org/CrashCourse for more information.

Sources: https://docs.google.com/docume....nt/d/1GLDtAXE6ekg4Ch

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Hank explains the extremely complex series of reactions whereby plants feed themselves on sunlight, carbon dioxide and water, and also create some by products we're pretty fond of as well.

This video uses sounds from Freesound.org.

Citations:
http://biology.about.com/od/pl....antbiology/a/aa05060
http://www.rsc.org/Education/T....eachers/Resources/cf
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK21598/
http://www.life.illinois.edu/g....ovindjee/paper/gov.h
http://scienceaid.co.uk/biolog....y/biochemistry/photo
http://www.biology-innovation.....co.uk/pages/plant-bi
http://chemistry.about.com/od/....lecturenotesl3/a/pho
http://www.bio.umass.edu/biolo....gy/conn.river/calvin
http://www.talkorigins.org/faq....s/thermo/probability

Table of Contents:
1) Water 1:16
2) Carbon Dioxide 1:32
3) Sunlight/Photons 1:43
4) Chloroplasts 1:57
5) Light Reaction/Light-Dependent 2:42
a. Photosystem II 3:33
b. Cytochrome Complex 5:54
c. ATP Synthase 6:16
d. Photosystem I 7:06
6) Dark Reactions/Light-Independent 7:55
a. Phase 1 - Carbon Fixation 8:50
b. Phase 2 - Reduction 11:31
c. Phase 3 - Regeneration 12:02

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How does a cell decide whether to become a mom-cell or a dad-cell? Scientists once thought it was completely random. But experiments with mice showed that an entire organ, an eye, for example, can be mostly mom-cells or mostly dad-cells. It’s not random! It’s a mystery how the cell decides.

Scientists know the X chromosome much better. It’s part of the system that determines whether we become male or female. If an egg inherits an X chromosome from both parents, it becomes female. If it gets an X from its mother and a Y from its father, it becomes male.

But the X chromosome remains mysterious.

For one thing, females shut down an X chromosome in every cell, leaving only one active. That’s a drastic step to take, given that the X chromosome has more than 1,000 genes.

In some cells, the father’s goes dormant, and in others, the mother’s does. While scientists have known about this so-called X-chromosome inactivation for more than five decades, they still know little about the rules it follows, or even how it evolved.

In the journal Neuron, a team of scientists has unveiled an unprecedented view of X-chromosome inactivation in the body. They found a remarkable complexity to the pattern in which the chromosomes were switched on and off.

At the same time, each copy of the X chromosome contains versions of genes not found on its partner. So having two X chromosomes gives females more genetic diversity than males, with their single X chromosome. Because of that, females have a genetic complexity that scientists are only starting to understand.

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Please watch: "The $1 Trillion Project Of Turning Sahara Green Again! What Could Go Wrong?" - https://youtu.be/mA77Pmwx9r0
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#khansirpatna #biology

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How does your body regulate your internal conditions? How does it detect changes and respond to them? What is an automatic control system and how does it use negative feedback?
Find out all this and more in less than 5 minutes!

Watch this episode uncensored & ad-free on Patreon: https://patreon.com/dannyjones
Jack Kruse is a neurosurgeon who focuses on the study of physics, light, magnetism, and electricity. He ultimately concluded that modern medicine lacked a deep understanding of how humans function in relation to the natural world.

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OUTLINE
00:00 - Making America healthy
18:23 - Dr. Becker & the body's electric current
28:35 - who built Las Vegas
36:04 - MK-ULTRA's blue light weapon
43:38 - Marshmello experiment
01:00:11 - Mysterious nuclear medical device
01:12:09 - Unconventional weapons
01:25:37 - The NEW MK-Ultra
01:35:14 - Funding black operations
01:43:14 - Why the deep state hates Trump
01:49:18 - Follow the money
01:54:25 - Rick Rubin
01:59:08 - Allodial money
02:07:43 - Uniting America
02:15:44 - JFK
02:28:42 - Saving Rick Rubin's life
02:30:54 - Dealing w/ death as a neurosurgeon
02:42:43 - 20-hour brain surgery
02:46:20 - Methylene blue
02:51:02 - Unconventional brain surgery techniques
03:03:50 - How the human body creates light
03:09:37 - Red light can repair vision
03:13:35 - Dom D'Agostino & ketosis
03:21:31 - Blue light & testosterone
03:30:42 - Debunking health trends
03:32:18 - Jack's personal health protocol
03:37:30 - Why the human body works better in cold
03:42:14 - How humans will survive on Mars
03:48:07 - Neuroplasticity
04:01:40 - Making skin invisible
04:07:57 - Muscle is bad for longevity

In which Hank does some push-ups for science and describes the "economy" of cellular respiration and the various processes whereby our bodies create energy in the form of ATP.

Special thanks go to Stafford Fitness (www.staffordfitness.net) for allowing us to shoot the gym scenes in their facilities.

This video uses sounds from Freesound.org

Table of Contents:
1) Cellular Respiration 01:00
2) Adenosine Triphosphate 01:29
3) Glycolysis 4:13
A) Pyruvate Molecules 5:00
B) Anaerobic Respiration/Fermentation 5:33
C) Aerobic Respiration 6:45
4) Krebs Cycle 7:06
A) Acetyl COA 7:38
B) Oxaloacetic Acid 8:21
C) Biolography: Hans Krebs 8:37
D) NAD/FAD 9:48
5) Electron Transport Chain 10:55
6) Check the Math 12:33

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In this video, we cover:
- The different types of cell (Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic)
- The differences and similarities between the structures of plant, animal, and bacterial cells
- The sub-cellular structures / organelles you need to know
- The four sub-cellular structures common to both animals and plants: mitochondria, cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus and ribosomes
- The three extra sub-cellular structure that plants have: cell wall, vacuole and chloroplasts
- The extra structures bacteria have: plasmids, flagella, circular strand of DNA

Exam board specific info:
AQA - Suitable for everyone
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Images Courtesy of Getty Images

Thanks to our Patreon Supporters:
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Credits:
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Sound: Graham Haerther (https://haerther.net)
Thumbnail: Simon Buckmaster (https://twitter.com/forgottentowel)
Producer: Brian McManus (watchnebula.com/realengineering)

References
[1] https://cicadas.uconn.edu/brood_19/
[2] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p....mc/articles/PMC36377
[*] https://cicadas.uconn.edu/
[3] https://portal.ct.gov/-/media/....CAES/DOCUMENTS/Publi
[4] https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=c1d381bde4bf6d667d571a29630a0f925d7bbb63
[5] https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/1....0.1073/pnas.09064241
[6] https://onlinelibrary.wiley.co....m/doi/10.1046/j.1461
[7] https://blogs.iu.edu/ecohealth..../2021/12/13/the-cica
[8] https://faseb.onlinelibrary.wi....ley.com/doi/epdf/10.
[9] https://www.science.org/conten....t/article/secret-cic
[10]
[11] Gene Kritsky A Tale of Two Broods: The 2024 Emergence of Periodical Cicada Broods XIII and XIX Ohio Biological Survey 2024
[12] https://www.annualreviews.org/....doi/10.1146/annurev-
[13] https://www.sciencedirect.com/....science/article/pii/
[14]https://escholarship.org/conte....nt/qt1k95s1tp/qt1k95

Hank teaches us why water is one of the most fascinating and important substances in the universe.

Review:
Re-watch = 00:00
Introduction = 00:42
Molecular structure & hydrogen bonds = 01:38
Cohesion & surface tension = 02:46
Adhesion = 03:31
Hydrophilic substances = 04:42
Hydrophobic substances = 05:14
Henry Cavendish = 05:49
Ice Density = 07:45
Heat Capacity = 09:10

Citations:
http://www.extension.umn.edu/d....istribution/youthdev
http://www.uni.edu/~iowawet/H2OProperties.html
http://www.hometrainingtools.c....om/properties-water-
http://science.howstuffworks.c....om/environmental/ear
http://www.robinsonlibrary.com..../science/chemistry/b
http://chemistry.mtu.edu/~pcha....rles/SCIHISTORY/Henr
http://www.nndb.com/people/030/000083778/
http://www.notablebiographies.....com/Ca-Ch/Cavendish-

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ලංකාවේ නිවැරදිම අනුමාන වැඩිම ප්‍රමාණයක් සෑම වසරකම ලබා දුන් ගුරුවරයාගෙන් මෙවරත් අනුමාන

2022A/L අනුමාන -
https://youtu.be/494AoJbKNY4

2023A/L අනුමාන -
https://youtu.be/pzsdPDpJl8Y

වැඩි විස්තර සදහා
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#biology #bio #boclass #theory #revision #biotheory #biorevision #gampaha #nugegoda #kiribathgoda #srilanka #best_class #onlineclass #online #2024 #2024ALevel #anumana #අනුමාන
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NEW for 2024: Cramming for your biology exam? Watch this video for a fast review of all the important topics your state test may cover, including biochemistry, cells, cellular energy, cell division, DNA, genetics, natural selection, and ecology in a biology or living environment course. I'll also give you a few helpful tips on how to ace your EOC exam.

*This is the Last Minute Crash Review for regular Biology* (not-AP), aimed at 9th and 10th grade students taking an end-of-course test in biology. If you need a quick 9th grade Biology EOC review, this is it! This isn't everything, and you definitely need to go deeper than what's covered in the video, but if you only have 30 minutes to spare, this is the video to watch!


RESOURCES

Multiple Choice Test Hacks
https://youtu.be/aWkWHU8fmlE?si=QhB8LH2fp5V4XsIw

Biology Practice Questions
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=neSLTw63qEg

2-Hour Biology Review
https://youtu.be/kU6X5xF30d4

3-Day Study Plan
https://youtu.be/C6JGBtnqWWU

Full 30-Day Biology Study Challenge Playlist
https://www.youtube.com/playli....st?list=PLfyZtYYF2oF

MUSIC
YouTube’s Free Audio Library
A Caring Friend by Bad Snacks

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This biology video tutorial provides a basic introduction into cell structure. It also discusses the functions of organelles such as the nucleus, ribosomes, mitochondria, chloroplasts, etc.

My E-Book: https://amzn.to/3B9c08z
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Here is a list of topics:
1. Introduction to the cell
2. The nucleus - the cell's command center
3. The Nucleolus - production of ribosomes
4. Chromatin & DNA
5. Smooth ER vs Rough ER
6. Lysosomes & Intracellular Digestion
7. The Golgi Body
8. The Mitochondria - Cellular Respiration & ATP
9. The cytoplasm
10. The Cytoskeleton
11. Microtubules, Microfilaments, & Intermediate Filaments
12. Centrioles
13. Cilia & Flagella
14. Animal Cells and Plant Cells
15. Vacuoles - a storage organelle
16. The Chloroplasts - Photosynthesis
17. The Cell Wall of a Plant
18. The Cell Membrane & Selective Permeability

#biology #cell structure

Disclaimer: Some of the links associated with this video may generate affiliate commissions on my behalf. As an amazon associate, I earn from qualifying purchases that you may make through such affiliate links.

Get started with your own spec evo, fantasy, sci-fi, or any other world you can think of with World Anvil! Visit https://www.worldanvil.com/?c=ThoughtPotato for 40% off ALL NEW yearly subscriptions!
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Coming in at the perfect time of year, today I present to you a long-lost recording. In it, someone (presumably an academic or scientist) dives into great detail regarding the science of vampires.

Enjoy!

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This video was edited by @CyanRameron, who does excellent work!

Sources:

https://phys.org/news/2018-02-....vampire-blood-only-d
https://fvza.org/vscience1.html
https://www.rifters.com/real/s....horts/VampireDomesti
https://rifters.com/real/Blindsight.htm#Notes
http://scienceandfilm.org/arti....cles/2516/blood-scie
https://www.nature.com/articles/news.2008.1134

What is Biology? Explained using animations and illustration Videos.

If you like this video then you will love our complete video: Biology Made Ridiculously Easy | 1st Edition | Digital Book: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tCgu2VX7zyY

Special thanks to Biology decoded for writing the scripts for biology videos:
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Timestamp:

00:00 Introduction
00:30 What is biology?
00:39 Examples of things studied in biology
01:16 Characteristics to classify living things
01:23 Order
01:40 Reproduction
01:51 Growth and development
02:04 Energy processing
02:17 Response to environment
02:25 Regulation
02:39 Evolutionary adaptation

(March 29, 2010) Stanford professor Robert Sapolsky gave the opening lecture of the course entitled Human Behavioral Biology and explains the basic premise of the course and how he aims to avoid categorical thinking.

Stanford University
http://www.stanford.edu

Stanford Department of Biology
http://biology.stanford.edu/

Stanford University Channel on YouTube
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Thumbnail: Simon Buckmaster (https://twitter.com/forgottentowel)
Producer: Brian McManus (watchnebula.com/realengineering)

REFERENCES
[1] https://passion-entomologie.fr..../phylogeny-of-dictyo
[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/....Hymenopus_coronatus#
[3] https://www.journals.uchicago.....edu/doi/full/10.1086
[4] Brackenbury, J. (1999). Flight and Wing Kinematics. In The Praying Mantids. The John Hopkins University Press.
[5] https://sci-hub.scrongyao.com/....10.1111/j.1096-3642.
[6] Edmunds, M. (1999). Ethology of Defense Against Predators. In The Praying Mantids. The John Hopkins University Press.
[7] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p....mc/articles/PMC56738
[8]
https://www.sciencedirect.com/....science/article/pii/
[9] https://royalsocietypublishing.....org/doi/full/10.109
[10] https://bioone.org/journals/th....e-wilson-journal-of-
[11] Yager, D. (1999). Hearing. In The Praying Mantids. The John Hopkins University Press.
[12] https://link.springer.com/arti....cle/10.1007/s00359-0
[13] https://www.researchgate.net/f....igure/Schematic-repr
[14] https://journals.biologists.co....m/jeb/article/220/14
[15] https://sci-hub.scrongyao.com/10.1038/302821a0
[16] https://www.cell.com/current-b....iology/fulltext/S096
[17]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29628622/
[18] https://jor.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=28067
[19] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p....mc/articles/PMC42981
[20] https://royalsocietypublishing.....org/doi/10.1098/rsb

Thyroid gland explained #biology #facts

The cell is the basic unit of life, and our understanding of it has advanced as science, and the tools available to scientists, has advanced. In this episode of Crash Course Biology, we’ll take a look at the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, take a guided tour of the eukaryotic cell, and learn why most cells are small. We’ll explore the eukaryotic cell’s surprising beginnings through an endosymbiosis that occurred about 1.5 billion years ago.

Chapters:
Introduction to the Cell 00:00
Classical Cell Theory 2:12
Parts of a Cell 5:37
Endosymbiosis 9:11
Modern Cell Theory 10:41
Review & Credits 12:23

This series was produced in collaboration with HHMI BioInteractive, committed to empowering educators and inspiring students with engaging, accessible, and quality classroom resources. Visit https://BioInteractive.org/CrashCourse for more information.

Check out our Biology playlist here: https://www.youtube.com/playli....st?list=PL8dPuuaLjXt

Watch this series in Spanish on our Crash Course en Español channel here: https://www.youtube.com/playli....st?list=PLkcbA0DkuFj Sources: https://docs.google.com/docume....nt/d/1GLDtAXE6ekg4Ch

***
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Animator: Mike Ridolfi (https://www.moboxgraphics.com/)
Sound: Graham Haerther (https://haerther.net)
Thumbnail: Simon Buckmaster (https://twitter.com/forgottentowel)
Producer: Brian McManus (https://www.youtube.com/c/realengineering)

Imagery courtesy of Getty Images

References:
[1] https://www.nature.com/scitabl....e/topicpage/cephalop
[2] https://thebiologist.rsb.org.u....k/biologist-features
[3] https://ideas.ted.com/oddballs....-with-high-level-int
[4] https://jeb.biologists.org/con....tent/218/10/1462.sho
[5] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/....List_of_animals_by_n
[6] https://www.eurekalert.org/pub...._releases/2019-06/ag
[7] https://www.theguardian.com/en....vironment/2017/mar/2
[8] https://www.cell.com/trends/ec....ology-evolution/full
[9] http://www.scholarpedia.org/ar....ticle/Definitions_of
[10] https://www.psychologytoday.co....m/us/blog/beastly-be

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Credits:
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Animator: Mike Ridolfi (https://www.youtube.com/@echozero_)
Producer: Brian McManus (watchnebula.com/realengineering)

References:
[1] https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms9416
[2] https://www.tesble.com/10.1002/ajpa.1330260207
[3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/....Knuckle-walking#cite
[4] https://semliki.sitehost.iu.ed....u/PDFs/HuntMechanica
[5] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p....mc/articles/PMC71974
[6] https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/1....0.1073/pnas.16190711
[7] https://www.tesble.com/10.1007/s10329-002-0031-7
[8]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18186502/
[9] https://books.google.com/books..../about/Through_a_Win
[10] https://www.nature.com/articles/nature13727
[11] https://onlinelibrary.wiley.co....m/doi/10.1002/ajpa.2
[12] https://news.harvard.edu/gazet....te/story/2014/09/dea
[13]https://sci-hub.53yu.com/10.10....16/j.anbehav.2008.11
[14] https://www.pnas.org/doi/full/....10.1073/pnas.2304903
[15] https://www.cell.com/current-b....iology/pdf/S0960-982
[16] https://www.nature.com/articles/srep05182
[17] https://gsinstitute.org/jane-g....oodall-hazards-choic
[18] https://www.eva.mpg.de/documen....ts/Elsevier/Call_Doe
[19] https://link.springer.com/arti....cle/10.1007/s10071-0
[20] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p....mc/articles/PMC53818

Biology is the study of life—a four-letter word that connects you to 4 billion years worth of family tree. The word “life” can be tricky to define, but a shared set of characteristics helps biologists identify living things. In this episode of Crash Course Biology, you’ll learn how all of life is connected, and why studying biology can help us better understand ourselves and our relationship to all living things.

Chapters:
Welcome to Crash Course Biology! 00:00
Life's Characteristics 2:14
Is a Virus Alive? 6:18
Life Beyond Earth 8:52
Biology and You 10:03
All Life is Connected 10:44
Review & Credits 11:59

Sources: https://docs.google.com/docume....nt/d/1GLDtAXE6ekg4Ch

This series was produced in collaboration with HHMI BioInteractive, committed to empowering educators and inspiring students with engaging, accessible, and quality classroom resources. Visit https://BioInteractive.org/CrashCourse for more information.

Check out our Biology playlist here: https://www.youtube.com/playli....st?list=PL8dPuuaLjXt

Watch this series in Spanish on our Crash Course en Español channel here: https://www.youtube.com/playli....st?list=PLkcbA0DkuFj

Crash Course Biology is hosted by Dr. Samuel Ramsey. Learn more about him here: https://www.drsammy.online/

***
Crash Course is on Patreon! You can support us directly by signing up at http://www.patreon.com/crashcourse

Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever:
Katie, Tori Thomas, DL Singfield, Ken Davidian, Stephen Akuffo, Toni Miles, Steve Segreto, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Laurel Stevens, Burt Humburg, Allyson Martin, Aziz Y, Perry Joyce, Scott Harrison, Mark & Susan Billian, Alan Bridgeman, Rachel Creager, Breanna Bosso, Matt Curls, Jennifer Killen, Jon Allen, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, team dorsey, Trevin Beattie, Eric Koslow, Jennifer Dineen, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Jason Rostoker, Siobhán, Ken Penttinen, Nathan Taylor, Les Aker, William McGraw, ClareG, Rizwan Kassim, Constance Urist, Alex Hackman, Pineapples of Solidarity, Katie Dean, Stephen McCandless, Wai Jack Sin, Ian Dundore, Justin, Mark, Caleb Weeks.
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Subscribe to the Nucleus Biology channel to see new animations on biology and other science topics, plus short quizzes to ace your next exam: https://bit.ly/3lH1CzV

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This animation by Nucleus shows you the function of plant and animal cells for middle school and high school biology, including organelles like the nucleus, nucleolus, DNA (chromosomes), ribosomes, mitochondria, etc. Also included are ATP molecules, cytoskeleton, cytoplasm, microtubules, proteins, chloroplasts, chlorophyll, cell walls, cell membrane, cilia, flagellae, etc.

0:07 What is a cell?




0:35 What are the 2 categories of cells?

1:22 What is an Organelle? DNA, Chromatin, Chromosomes

2:06 Organelles: Ribosomes, Endoplasmic Reticulum

2:59 Organelles: ER function, Vesicles, Golgi Body (Apparatus)

3:50 Organelles: Vacuole, Lysosome, Mitochondrion

4:45 Organelles: Cytoskeleton

5:04 Plant Cell Chloroplast, Cell Wall

5:43 Unique Cell Structures: Cilia

Watch another version of this video, narrated by biology teacher Joanne Jezequel here: https://youtu.be/cbiyKH9uPUw


#cell #nucleus #biology

----

Watch other Nucleus Biology videos:
- Controlled Experiments: https://youtu.be/D3ZB2RTylR4
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Biology – a beautiful field of mathematics where division and multiplication are the same thing. Since we’re doing bad biology jokes, do you know what does DNA stand for? National Dyslexics Association. Enough cringe, let’s get started.

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Telegram లో Join అవ్వడానికి క్రింది లింకు క్లిక్ చేయండి
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JL Zoology ఫ్రీ డెమో వీడియోస్ క్రింద ఇవ్వబడ్డాయి
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DSC ఫ్రీ డెమో వీడియోస్ క్రింద ఇవ్వబడ్డాయి చూడండి

Intermediate Demo Videos
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6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th Class related videos available in our app
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What even is...life? What is DNA? How does the brain work? Let's learn pretty much all of Biology (worth knowing) in under 20 minutes with memes and music :)
Of course it's not ALL of Biology, but I would say it's a decent introduction / overview / review to the biggest topics ;)

(maybe I was inspired by Bill Wurtz & Amoeba Sisters)

Timestamps:
00:00 Intro
00:33 Biomolecules
01:17 Characteristics of Life
01:36 Taxonomic ranks
02:17 Homeostasis
02:53 Cell Membrane & Diffusion
04:01 Cellular Respiration & Photosynthesis (cellular energetics)
04:55 DNA
06:03 RNA
06:36 Protein Synthesis
07:20 DNA, RNA, Proteinsynthesis RECAP
08:08 Chromosomes
08:48 Alleles
09:01 Dominant vs Recessive Alleles, Inheritance
09:58 Intermediate Inheritance & Codominance
10:15 Sex Chromosomes
10:44 Cell division, Mitosis & Meiosis
11:48 Cell Cycle
12:16 Cancer
12:28 DNA & Chromosomal Mutations
13:00 Evolution (Natural Selection)
13:31 Genetic Drift
13:41 Adaptation
13:59 Bacteria vs Viruses
14:31 Digestion & Symbiosis, Organ Systems
14:49 Nervous System & Neurons
15:16 Neurobiology (Action Potentials)
16:35 Brilliant

this took an unholy amount of time to make. if you liked it, share with your friends. thanks